HSK 1: what the level covers and what it asks of you
问候、姓名、数字、家庭与最基础的日常句子。
This page describes HSK 1as it is recorded in HSK Guide’s curriculum data, part of the HSK 1–4（旧版） ladder. Vocabulary, grammar and reading below are the material HSK Guide actually holds for this level — not a copy of any examination paper.
Can-do statements
What you should be able to do at HSK 1
These descriptors are held per skill in the curriculum record, so a plan can be built against the skill you are actually behind on.
- Listening
能听懂关于自己和日常需要的、语速很慢的简短对话。
- Reading
能借助拼音认读熟悉的词语和固定表达。
词汇库
Vocabulary on the HSK 1 list
HSK Guide currently holds 155 published 词 labelled HSK 1. Every entry links to its full dictionary page with audio, examples and character breakdown.
- 的de (neutral tone)
结构助词，表示领属或修饰关系
- 了le (neutral tone)
动态助词，用在动词后，表示动作完成
- 是shì (fourth tone, falling)
表示判断，联系两个名词
- 不bù (fourth tone, falling)
否定副词，用于动词、形容词和能愿动词前
- 个個ge (neutral tone)
量词，用于没有专用量词的人和事物
- 人rén (second tone, rising)
能制造并使用工具进行劳动的高等动物
- 我wǒ (third tone, dipping)
第一人称单数
- 他tā (first tone, high and level)
第三人称单数，指男性
- 一yī (first tone, high and level)
数词，最小的正整数
- 在zài (fourth tone, falling)
动词，表示人或事物的位置
- 这這zhè (fourth tone, falling)
指较近的人或事物
- 有yǒu (third tone, dipping)
动词，表示领有、具有
- 和hé (second tone, rising)
连词，连接并列的名词
- 上shàng (fourth tone, falling)
方位词，表示物体的表面或上方
- 大dà (fourth tone, falling)
在体积、面积、数量上超过一般
- 说說shuō (first tone, high and level)
用话来表达意思
- 我们我們wǒmen (third tone, dipping)
第一人称复数
- 们們men (neutral tone)
用在代词或指人的名词后，表示复数
- 来來lái (second tone, rising)
从别的地方到说话人所在的地方
- 那nà (fourth tone, falling)
指较远的人或事物
- 会會huì (fourth tone, falling)
通过学习掌握某种技能
- 你nǐ (third tone, dipping)
第二人称单数
- 好hǎo (third tone, dipping)
优点多的；令人满意的
- 都dōu (first tone, high and level)
副词，表示总括全部
Showing 24 of 155.
How level labels work. A word belongs to a level through a separate membership record, one per standard, each carrying its own source. HSK Guide never merges the lists of two standards or renumbers one into the other — see how the inventories are kept apart.
语法库
Grammar patterns at HSK 1
Each pattern carries its structure formula, a plain-language explanation, sentences that are wrong and why, and a contrast with what it is usually confused with.
- Yes/no questions with 吗“吗”疑问句
陈述句 + 吗？
Take any statement, add 吗 at the very end, and it becomes a yes/no question. Nothing else moves.
questioning - 是 sentences: saying what something is“是”字句
主语 + 是 + 名词（短语）
是 (shì) joins two nouns: “A is B”. Use it for names, jobs, nationalities and identifying things — never before an adjective.
identification - Adjectival predicates with 很形容词谓语句
主语 + 很 + 形容词
A Chinese adjective can be the whole predicate — no verb needed. It normally takes 很 in front, which here is just a linker, not “very”.
description - Number + measure word + noun数词 + 量词 + 名词
数词／这·那 + 量词 + 名词
You cannot count a Chinese noun directly. A measure word must sit between the number (or 这/那) and the noun; 个 is the default.
quantification - Question words: 什么, 谁, 哪儿, 几, 多少疑问代词：什么／谁／哪儿／几／多少
主语 + 动词 + 疑问词？（疑问词占答语中信息的位置）
A question word simply takes the slot where the answer will go — nothing is moved to the front, and 吗 is never added.
questioning - Negation: 不 versus 没(有)“不”和“没(有)”
不 + 动词/形容词（现在、习惯、将来） ｜ 没(有) + 动词（过去未发生）
Use 不 for what you don’t do, don’t want or won’t do, and for adjectives. Use 没(有) to say something did not happen — and always with 有.
negation
分级读物
Reading written for HSK 1
精选文本，保证你开始读之前就已经认识其中大部分词语。
- 医院在哪儿？
Which Way to the Hospital?
A friend of Amine’s has been taken to hospital and Amine does not know the city yet. He stops a man in the street, discovers that the hospital is behind the shop rather than in front of it, is told to take a taxi, and spots one waiting a few steps away. Sixteen short turns, every word from the HSK 1 list.
阅读 1 分钟transport - 买水果
Buying Fruit at the Shop
A Saturday errand told in the third person: Xiaoming goes to the fruit shop with his mother, picks out the apples he likes, hears the price and gets to eat one in the afternoon. Fourteen sentences, every word drawn from the HSK 1 list.
阅读 2 分钟shopping
模拟考试
Practice examinations available at HSK 1
HSK Guide 自行编写的限时练习。题量、时间和评分都是我们自己的练习设定，并非官方试卷——每次作答结束后都会给出差距分析。
一级完整模拟练习
汉庐原创的四十分钟一级完整练习。
整套模拟考试40 分钟24 道题一级听力专项练习
汉庐原创的十五分钟一级听力专项练习。
分项练习15 分钟15 道题一级迷你诊断测试
汉庐原创的二十分钟入门级练习。
迷你诊断20 分钟20 道题
这是 HSK Guide 自行编写的非官方练习材料，不是真题，也未获得任何考试机构认可。
小时
How long this level takes
The curriculum record for HSK 1 states a cumulative estimate of 60 study hours from a standing start. The table converts that into calendar time at three daily budgets.
| Daily study | Per week | Time to HSK 1 |
|---|---|---|
| 20 分钟 | 2 小时 | ~26 周 |
| 45 分钟 | 5 小时 | ~11 周 |
| 90 分钟 | 11 小时 | ~6 周 |
An estimate, not a promise. It assumes you study on most days, that you are starting from no Chinese at all, and that review time is included. Learners with a background in another Chinese variety, or with characters already in place, routinely move faster. The placement test replaces this table with an estimate based on what you actually recall.
常见问题
How many words does HSK 1 cover?
HSK Guide's curriculum record for HSK 1 states a target of 150 words, taken from Official HSK examination information. HSK 1 is the first level of its ladder, so every one of them is new here. This figure has been transcribed but not yet verified by an editor against the primary document, and HSK Guide labels it as such wherever it appears. HSK Guide currently holds 155 published entries labelled HSK 1, which are the words tagged at this level.
Is HSK 1 part of the same ladder as the other HSK levels?
HSK 1 belongs to the HSK 1–4（旧版） track. HSK Guide keeps each standard's vocabulary, grammar and level labels in a separate inventory, so a level number in one ladder is never treated as equivalent to the same number in another.
Can I practise HSK 1 for free?
Yes. At HSK 1 that means the 155-word HSK 1 list published on HSK Guide, the 6 grammar points filed under this level and the 2 graded texts on this page, all readable without signing in. The dictionary, the character explorer and the radical library are open without an account, and a daily allowance of reviews, quizzes and tutor messages is included on the free plan; Pro removes the daily limits and unlocks the full mock examinations.
How long does it take to reach HSK 1?
The curriculum record states a cumulative estimate of 60 study hours from no Chinese at all — roughly 11 weeks at 45 minutes a day. It is an estimate rather than a promise, and the placement test replaces it with one based on what you actually recall.
Does HSK Guide have a HSK 1 practice test?
Yes — 3 practice examinations are published at this level. Every item is original material written for HSK Guide. It is not a past paper and is not endorsed by any examination authority.
Is HSK Guide affiliated with the HSK 1 examination?
No. HSK Guide is an independent preparation platform and is not affiliated with or endorsed by Chinese Testing International or the official HSK examination authorities. Registration, scoring and the current level requirements are decided by the examination authority — confirm them with your own test centre.