The 被 passive
被 puts the affected thing first and says what happened to it. The doer may be named after 被 or left out, but the verb can never stand bare.
结构
受事主语 + 被 + （施事）+ 动词 + 其他成分（了／补语）
讲解
本文中的中文词语都可以激活，查看词典释义。
puts the affected thing first and says what happened to it: “My bike was stolen.” The doer can be named straight after — “The cup was broken by my little brother” — or left out entirely when it is unknown or unimportant.
The construction obeys the same three rules as . The subject must be definite: , not . The verb must be one that acts on something. And the verb can never stand bare — it needs , a resultative complement, or another element after it: , , . is not a sentence. Negators and adverbs go before , exactly as with : .
One thing to keep in mind about usage. is far rarer than the English passive. Chinese usually prefers a plain active sentence, or a topic-first sentence in which the affected thing simply opens the clause: “I’ve finished this book.” leans towards outcomes the speaker did not want — , , — although modern written Chinese also uses it neutrally. In everyday speech and often replace it: . Translating every English passive with is the single most reliable way to make a Chinese sentence sound foreign.
正确
Say each one out loud before moving on. The audio is a reference pronunciation, not a model to imitate exactly — match the tone contour, not the voice.
我的自行车被偷了。我的自行車被偷了。
Wǒ (third tone, dipping) de (neutral tone) zìxíngchē (fourth tone, falling) bèi (fourth tone, falling) tōu (first tone, high and level) le. (neutral tone)···
My bike has been stolen.
杯子被弟弟打破了。
Bēizi (first tone, high and level) bèi (fourth tone, falling) dìdi (fourth tone, falling) dǎpò (third tone, dipping) le. (neutral tone)···
The cup was broken by my little brother.
他被老师批评了。他被老師批評了。
Tā (first tone, high and level) bèi (fourth tone, falling) lǎoshī (third tone, dipping) pīpíng (first tone, high and level) le. (neutral tone)···
He got told off by the teacher.
错误 — 常见错误
These sentences are wrong. They are printed here on purpose, each one paired with the repair and the reason, because the error you can recognise is the error you stop making.
不太对
Incorrect sentence: 我的自行车被偷。
正确
Correct sentence: 我的自行车被偷了。
为什么: Like 把, 被 never leaves the verb bare. Something has to follow it — here the 了 that says the theft actually took place.
不太对
Incorrect sentence: 我的自行车被没偷。
正确
Correct sentence: 我的自行车没被偷。
为什么: The negator comes in front of 被, never between 被 and the verb. The same holds for 都, 已经 and 常常.
不太对
Incorrect sentence: 中国菜被很多人喜欢。
正确
Correct sentence: 很多人都喜欢中国菜。
为什么: 被 reports something that happened *to* a thing. 喜欢 describes a feeling, not an event that acts on Chinese food, so an ordinary active sentence is what Chinese says here.
对比
Most errors with this pattern are not errors about this pattern — they are a neighbouring pattern arriving at the wrong moment. Read these side by side.
把 and 被 describe the same kind of event and share almost every rule — a definite affected thing, no bare verb, negation in front — which is exactly why they get swapped. What differs is the starting point. In a 把 sentence the subject is the doer and 把 is followed by what is affected: 弟弟把杯子打破了. In a 被 sentence the subject is what is affected and 被 is followed by the doer, if it is mentioned at all: 杯子被弟弟打破了. Whichever word you use, check that the noun standing immediately after it is on the correct side of the action.
The 把 construction →小测验
第 1 题 / 3总分: 0
Which sentence is correct?