The 把 construction
把 moves a *specific, already-known* object in front of the verb to say what was done to it. The verb can never stand bare — it needs 了, a complement or a result.
结构
主语 + 把 + 确指的宾语 + 动词 + 其他成分（了／补语／结果）
讲解
本文中的中文词语都可以激活，查看词典释义。
The construction takes the object out of its usual place after the verb and puts it in front, marked by : “I’ve finished my homework.” It is used when you want to say what happened to something — how it was moved, changed, used up or dealt with. Three conditions have to be met together, and this is exactly where learners go wrong. (1) The object must be definite — something both speaker and listener can identify. and qualify; does not, because “a book” is new information. (2) The verb must be one of disposal — an action that acts on the object: , , , , , . Verbs of feeling, perception or existence (, , , , ) cannot be used with . (3) Something must follow the verb: , a resultative complement (, ), a direction, a place phrase () or a repeated verb. A bare is not a sentence. Negation and adverbs go before , never after: “I didn’t finish my homework.” In requests, is very common and sounds efficient rather than blunt: . This structure is typically introduced once learners are comfortable with and result complements, and it is one of the patterns most often practised in beginner-to-intermediate writing exercises.
正确
Say each one out loud before moving on. The audio is a reference pronunciation, not a model to imitate exactly — match the tone contour, not the voice.
我把作业写完了。我把作業寫完了。
Wǒ (third tone, dipping) bǎ (third tone, dipping) zuòyè (fourth tone, falling) xiěwán (third tone, dipping) le. (neutral tone)···
I’ve finished my homework.
请把门关上。請把門關上。
Qǐng (third tone, dipping) bǎ (third tone, dipping) mén (second tone, rising) guānshàng. (first tone, high and level)···
Please close the door.
他把手机放在桌子上了。他把手機放在桌子上了。
Tā (first tone, high and level) bǎ (third tone, dipping) shǒujī (third tone, dipping) fàng (fourth tone, falling) zài (fourth tone, falling) zhuōzi (first tone, high and level) shang (neutral tone) le. (neutral tone)···
He put his phone on the table.
错误 — 常见错误
These sentences are wrong. They are printed here on purpose, each one paired with the repair and the reason, because the error you can recognise is the error you stop making.
不太对
Incorrect sentence: 我把一本书买了。
正确
Correct sentence: 我买了一本书。
为什么: 一本书 is indefinite — brand-new information — so it cannot be a 把 object. Use ordinary word order instead; 把 only works with something already identified, such as 这本书.
不太对
Incorrect sentence: 我把作业写。
正确
Correct sentence: 我把作业写完了。
为什么: A 把 sentence must say what became of the object, so the verb needs something after it: a result (写完), 了, or a place phrase. A bare verb leaves the sentence unfinished.
不太对
Incorrect sentence: 我把作业没写完。
正确
Correct sentence: 我没把作业写完。
为什么: Negators and adverbs sit in front of 把, not between 把 and the verb. The same applies to 都, 已经 and 要.
对比
Most errors with this pattern are not errors about this pattern — they are a neighbouring pattern arriving at the wrong moment. Read these side by side.
Both patterns talk about a finished action, so learners reach for 把 whenever they mean “already did it”. The difference is what the sentence is about. Plain 我写完了作业 reports an event. 我把作业写完了 focuses on the homework and what became of it, which is why the object must be specific. If you are introducing something for the first time — 我买了一件衣服 — keep the ordinary order; switch to 把 only when the object is already on the table in the conversation and you want to say how you dealt with it.
了 for a completed action →小测验
第 1 题 / 3总分: 0
Which 把 sentence is correct?