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擅自 shàn zì — without permission

shàn (fourth tone, falling) zì (fourth tone, falling)shan4 zi4

without permission

HSK 6· HSK 1–6 (classic)Levels 7–9· 2021 three-band, nine-level proficiency standardadverb
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Meanings

  1. without permission

    without permission; of one's own initiative

    adverb